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How to use
Character & Type in Photoshop
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Type in Photoshop consists of mathematically defined shapes that
describe the letters, numbers, and symbols of a
typeface. Many typefaces are available in more than one format, the
most common formats being Type 1 (also called PostScript fonts), TrueType,
Open Type, New CID, and CID nonprotected (Japanese only).
When you add type to an image, the characters
are composed of pixels and have the same resolution as the image file--zooming
in on characters shows jagged edges. However, Photoshop and ImageReady
preserve the vector-based type outlines and use them when you scale or resize
type, save a PDF or EPS file, or print the image to a PostScript printer. As a
result, it's possible to produce type with crisp, resolution-independent
edges.
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You can create horizontal or vertical type anywhere in an image. Depending on
how you use the type tools, you can enter point type
or paragraph type. Point type is useful for
entering a single word or a line of characters; paragraph type is useful for
entering and formatting the type as one or more paragraphs.
Type entered as point type (top) and in a bounding box (bottom)
When you create type, a new type layer is added to the
Layers palette. In Photoshop, you can also create a selection border in the
shape of the type.
Note: In Photoshop, a type layer is
not created for images in Multichannel, Bitmap, or Indexed Color mode, because
these modes do not support layers. In these image modes, type appears on the
background.
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Working with type
layers
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Once you create a type layer, you can edit the type and apply layer commands
to it. You can change the orientation of the type, apply anti-aliasing,
convert between point type and paragraph type, create a work path from type,
or convert type to shapes. You can move, restack, copy, and change the layer
options of a type layer as you do for a normal layer. You can also make the
following changes to a type layer and still edit the type:
- Apply transformation commands from the Edit
menu, except for Perspective and Distort.
Note: To apply the Perspective or
Distort commands, or to transform part of the type layer, you must first
rasterize the type layer, turning the type shapes into a pixel image. Keep in
mind that rasterized type no longer has vector outlines and is uneditable as
type. For more information,
- Use layer styles.
- Use fill shortcuts. To fill with the
foreground color, press Alt+Backspace (Windows) or Option+Delete (Mac OS);
to fill with the background color, press Ctrl+Backspace (Windows) or
Command+Delete (Mac OS).
- Warp type to conform to a variety of shapes.
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Formatting characters |
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Photoshop and ImageReady give you precise control over individual
characters in type layers, including font, size, color, leading,
kerning, tracking, baseline shift, and alignment. You can set type
attributes before you enter characters or reset them to change the
appearance of selected characters in a type layer.
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Applying Open Type features to characters |
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When working with Open Type fonts, you can use old style figures,
ordinals, swash, titling, connection forms, stylistic alternates,
ornaments, ligatures, discretionary ligatures, and fractions if
the font provides them. For Japanese Open Type fonts, you can use
ligatures, discretionary ligatures, Fractions Japanese 78,
Japanese Expert, Japanese Traditional, Proportional Metrics, Kana,
and italics if the font provides them. For more information on
Japanese Open Type fonts,
To apply Open Type features:
- Make sure you have an
Open Type font chosen when using the Type tool.
- From the Character
palette menu, choose one of the following:
Old Style
Are numerals shorter than regular numerals,
with some old style numerals descending below the type baseline.
Ordinals
Automatically formats ordinal numbers (such
as 1st and 2nd)
with superscript characters. Characters such as the superscript in
the Spanish words segunda and segundo (2a
and 2o) are also typeset
properly.
Swash
Substitutes swash glyphs (stylized
letterforms with extended strokes).
Titling
Formats characters (usually all in capitals)
designed for use in large-size settings, such as titles.
Connection Forms
Are alternate forms that provide better
joining behavior.
Stylistic Alternate
Formats stylized characters that create a
purely aesthetic effect.
Ornaments
Are devices that add a personal signature to
the type family and can be used as title page decoration,
paragraph markers, dividers for blocks of text, or as repeated
bands and borders.
Ligatures
Are typographic replacements for certain
pairs of characters, such as fi, fl, ff, ffi, and ffl.
Type with Ligatures option unselected and selected
Discretionary Ligatures
Are typographic replacement characters for
letter pairs such as ct, st, and ft.
Fractions
Automatically formats fractions, numbers
separated by a slash (such as 1/2) are converted to a fraction
(such as 1/2).
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Checking for spelling errors (Photoshop) |
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When you spell-check a document, Photoshop questions any words
that aren't in its dictionary. If a questioned word is spelled
correctly, you can confirm its spelling by adding the word to the
dictionary. If a questioned word is misspelled, you can correct
it.
To check and correct spelling:
- In the Character
palette, choose a language from the pop-up menu at the bottom of
the palette. This sets the dictionary for spell-checking.
- (Optional) Show or
unlock type layers. The Check Spelling command does not check
hidden or locked layers.
- Do one of the
following:
- Select a type layer.
- To check specific text, select
the text.
- To check a word, place an
insertion point in the word.
- Choose Edit > Check
Spelling.
- As Photoshop finds
unfamiliar words and other possible errors, do one of the
following:
- Click Ignore to continue
checking spelling without changing text. Click Ignore All to
ignore the questioned word for the rest of the spell-check.
- To correct a misspelling, make
sure the correctly spelled word is in the Change To text box
and click Change. If the suggested word is not the word you
want, you can select a different word in the Suggestions text
box or enter the word in the Change To text box.
- To correct a repeated
misspelling in a document, make sure the correctly spelled word
is in the Change To text box and click Change All.
- Click Add to have Photoshop
store the unrecognized word in the dictionary, so that
subsequent occurrences are not flagged as misspellings.
- If you selected a type layer and
want to spell-check only that layer, deselect Check All Layers.
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Finding and replacing text (Photoshop) |
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You can search for a single character, a word, or group of words. Once you
find what you're looking for, you can change it to something else.
To find and replace a word:
- (Optional) Show or unlock type
layers. The Find and Replace Text command does not check hidden or locked
layers.
- Do one of the following:
- Select the layer that contains the text you
want to find and replace.
- Select a nontype layer if you have more than
one text layer and you want to search through all layers in the document.
- (Optional) If you selected a layer
containing text, place an insertion point at the beginning of portion of text
you want to search.
- Choose Edit > Find and Replace Text.
- In the Find What box, type or paste
the text you want to find. To change the text, type the new text in the Change
To text box.
- Select one or more of the following
options to refine your search:
Search All Layers
Searches all layers in a document. This option is
available when a non-type layer is selected in the Layers palette.
Forward
Searches forward from an insertion point in the text.
Deselecting this option searches the entire text in a layer regardless of
where an insertion point has been placed.
Case Sensitive
Searches for a word or words that exactly match the case
of the text in the Find What text box. For example, with the Case Sensitive
option selected, a search for "PrePress" will not find "Prepress" or
"PREPRESS."
Whole Word Only
Disregards the search text if it is embedded within a
larger word. For example, if you are searching for "any" as a whole word,
"many" will be disregarded.
- Click Find Next to begin the search.
- Click the button that reflects what
you want to do next.
- Change replaces the found text with the
revised text. To repeat the search, select Find Next.
- Change All searches for and replaces all
occurrences of the found text.
- Change/Find replaces the found text with the
revised text and then searches for the next occurrence.
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Formatting paragraphs |
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A paragraph is any range of type with a carriage return at the end. You use
the Paragraph palette to set options that apply to entire paragraphs, such as
the alignment, indentation, and space between lines of type. For point type,
each line is a separate paragraph. For paragraph type, each paragraph can have
multiple lines, depending on the dimensions of the bounding box.
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Controlling hyphenation and justification |
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The settings you choose for hyphenation and justification affect
the horizontal spacing of lines and the aesthetic appeal of type
on a page. Hyphenation options determine whether words can be
hyphenated and, if they can, what breaks are allowable.
Justification options determine word, letter, and glyph spacing.
Note: Hyphenation and
justification settings apply only to Roman characters; double-byte
characters available in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean fonts are
not affected by these settings.
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Working with composition |
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The appearance of type on the page depends on a complex
interaction of processes called composition.
Using the word spacing, letter spacing, glyph spacing, and
hyphenation options you've selected, Photoshop and ImageReady
evaluate possible line breaks and choose the one that best
supports the specified parameters.
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Setting options for Asian type (Photoshop) |
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Photoshop provides several options for working with Chinese,
Japanese, and Korean type. Characters in Asian fonts are often
referred to as double-byte characters.
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